Election watchdog forgets its purpose, fails spectacularly in its duty (KOR)

The National Election Commission's failure to manage ballot shortages in South Korea's local elections calls for accountability, heightened scrutiny of its autonomy and election management practices.

Heo Cheol-hoon, secretary general of the National Election Commission, bows his head as he apologizes for ballot shortages at the commission's headquarters in Gwacheon, Gyeonggi on Wednesday.

The fallout from the ballot shortage that struck 17 polling stations across Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon during the June 3 local elections continues to spread. Although the election has ended, a ballot box containing roughly 2,000 votes cast in Jamsil 7-dong, Songpa District, Seoul, remained unopened as of Thursday, while protests by citizens outraged over the botched administration of the vote persisted. Because the National Election Commission (NEC) failed to prepare an adequate number of ballots, voters’ fundamental political rights were ultimately infringed upon, and confidence in the fairness of the election was severely undermined.

President Lee Jae Myung on Thursday rebuked the commission, saying that “gaps in election management that are difficult to understand or justify” had occurred. The Democratic Party raised questions about the future of Secretary-General Heo Cheol-hoon, while the People Power Party called for the immediate resignation of all officials responsible for the fiasco, including NEC Chairman Rho Tae-ak. Yet given the gravity of the matter, it is doubtful that the resignation of a handful of officials alone can calm public anger. Such a bewildering administrative blunder — the kind more commonly associated with poorly governed states — can only be explained by a comprehensive breakdown of discipline and accountability. A thorough investigation into the decision-making process that led to the ballot shortage is the bare minimum. Those responsible must be held fully accountable, both legally and administratively.

The NEC, in fact, has enjoyed an extraordinary degree of autonomy as a constitutionally independent institution since its establishment in the wake of the fraudulent March 15 presidential election of 1960. The public expected the commission to safeguard the independence and neutrality of election administration. Instead, it has repeatedly generated controversy, from the notorious “basket voting” scandal to a series of other election-related disputes. Shielded by its independent status, the commission has long resisted oversight, refusing audits by the Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea and avoiding administrative inspections of its operations. The preferential hiring of children of commission officials was one such internal scandal that flourished in a blind spot beyond effective public scrutiny.

An institution whose very lifeblood is fairness has repeatedly found itself embroiled in allegations of voting irregularities and misconduct. Calls for fundamental reform have surfaced time and again, only to fade without meaningful results. Under current law, the chairman of the NEC and the heads of regional election commissions serve in non-executive, largely honorary capacities, leaving internal controls weak. Perhaps because the commission wields the power to file criminal complaints, politicians from both the ruling and opposition camps have often been reluctant to challenge it.

Any institution that operates without meaningful checks and balances is bound to grow complacent and vulnerable to corruption. This latest debacle must not be brushed aside. The NEC’s organizational structure and election management system require a comprehensive overhaul. That is also the surest way to dispel persistent conspiracy theories about election fraud and restore public trust in the democratic process.



존재 이유 망각한 선관위의 참담한 선거 관리 실패

6·3 지방선거 중 서울·경기·인천 17개 투표소에서 발생한 투표용지 부족 사태의 파문이 일파만파로 커지고 있다. 선거가 끝났지만 서울 송파구 잠실7동에서 투표한 약 2000명의 표가 담긴 투표함은 어제도 열리지 못했고, 부실 선거 관리에 분노한 시민들의 시위도 이어졌다. 선거관리위원회가 투표용지를 제대로 준비하지 않는 바람에 결국 유권자 참정권이 침해되고, 투표 공정성이 심각하게 훼손됐다.

이재명 대통령은 어제 “선거 관리에 납득하기 쉽지 않은 허점이 발생했다”며 선관위를 질타했다. 민주당은 허철훈 사무총장의 거취를 거론했고, 국민의힘은 노태악 선관위원장 등 부실 선거 관리 책임자 전원의 즉각 사퇴를 촉구했다. 그러나 사안의 엄중함으로 볼 때 책임자 몇 명 사퇴만으로 들끓는 여론을 진정시킬 수 있을지 의문이다. 이런 어처구니없는 후진국형 행정 착오는 총체적 기강 해이가 아니고선 설명되지 않는다. 투표용지 준비의 엉터리 의사결정 과정 전반에 대해 철저한 진상 규명은 기본이고, 그에 따른 법적·행정적 책임을 엄중히 물어야 한다.

사실 중앙선관위는 1960년 3·15 부정선거 이후 출범한 이래 헌법상 독립기관으로 초법적 지위를 누려 왔다. 국민들은 선거 관리의 독립성과 중립성을 기대했지만, 정작 선관위는 소쿠리 투표 등 수많은 시비를 일으켰다. 독립기관이란 이유로 누구의 견제도 받지 않은 채 감사원의 회계감사를 거부해 왔고 직무감찰도 회피해 왔다. 선관위 간부 자녀 특혜 채용은 그 같은 국민 감시의 사각지대에서 터진 내부 비리였다.

공정성이 생명인 선관위에서 걸핏하면 투표 관련 의혹과 비위가 터지는 바람에 근본적 개혁 필요성이 누차 거론됐지만, 그때마다 용두사미였다. 현행법상 중앙선관위원장과 각 지역 선관위원장은 비상임 명예직이다 보니 내부 통제가 취약하다. 선관위가 고발권을 휘두르기 때문인지 여야를 막론하고 정치인들도 선관위 앞에서는 약해졌다.

견제받지 않는 기관은 방만해지고 쉽게 썩기 마련이다. 이번 사태를 절대로 어물쩍 넘기지 말고 선관위 조직과 선거 관리 시스템을 전면 수술해야 할 것이다. 그것이야말로 부정선거 음모론을 불식시킬 수 있는 길이기도 하다.