Editorials

Ruling party's bid to rewrite Assembly rules is dangerous (KOR)

The Democratic Party’s proposed revisions could weaken opposition safeguards and undermine the consensus needed for a functioning legislature.

Published
Joo Ho-young of the opposition People Power Party (PPP) stages a filibuster against a proposed revision to the Criminal Procedure Act during a plenary session of the National Assembly in Yeouido, Seoul, on July 30. The ruling Democratic Party (DP) is pushing legislation that would effectively neutralize the filibuster.

The Democratic Party (DP) is pushing revisions to the National Assembly Act that would weaken opposition resistance while advancing bills on livelihood issues, drawing protests from the People Power Party (PPP).

The three revisions the DP could pass as early as Thursday would shorten the fast-track process, ease requirements for ending filibusters and allow standing committee chairs to be replaced. The DP says the changes are intended to create a “working National Assembly.” That rationale is difficult to accept.

National turmoil continues over the Criminal Procedure Act revision railroaded through the Assembly by the ruling party without opposition participation. Crime victims and ordinary citizens remain anxious, while disagreements have emerged within the DP and among government ministries. Is this what the party means by a working legislature? Persuasion and compromise to protect the public were nowhere to be found.

Since the National Assembly Act was enacted in 1948, it has reportedly been revised without the main opposition party’s participation only twice in 78 years, both since the DP won 180 seats in 2020. This reflects a longstanding parliamentary principle: Rules governing the Assembly should respect consensus, requiring concessions even from the majority.

The fast-track system allows up to 180 days for standing committee review, 90 days for the Legislation and Judiciary Committee and 60 days for the plenary session, totaling 330 days. It was still called a “fast track” because greater disagreement between parties requires more time for deliberation and compromise.

The proposed revision would slash that period to 90 days. A ruling party already willing to shake up the criminal justice system through closed-door agreements among its hard-line lawmakers now appears too arrogant even to honor past commitments. The public could again face legislation whose repercussions are impossible to predict.

The other revisions are equally troubling. They would significantly ease requirements for ending a filibuster, the opposition’s last means of resistance, and allow standing committee chairs, who should mediate between parties, to be replaced by a majority vote of committee members.

The DP previously neutralized opposition resistance through tactics such as splitting parliamentary sessions and orchestrating temporary defections from the party. These revisions would go further by effectively legalizing unilateral rule by the majority.

Parliamentary deliberation and compromise may be frustrating and time-consuming, particularly for a party with enough seats to pass legislation on its own. But those procedures exist precisely to restrain majority power and force lawmakers to consider objections before changing laws that affect the entire country.

If the ruling party continues to regard deliberation and consensus as nuisances, it may eventually lose public trust. It should also remember that after the next general election, the revised National Assembly Act it creates today could become a weapon wielded against it from the opposition benches.




여당 독주 합법화하는 국회법 개정 위험하다

더불어민주당이 민생 법안 처리와 함께 야당의 반대를 무력화하는 국회법 개정을 추진해 국민의힘이 반발하고 있다. 민주당이 이르면 오늘 국회 본회의에서 통과시키려는 ‘국회법 3종 법안’은 패스트트랙 단축, 필리버스터 약화, 상임위원장 교체권 명시 등이 골자다. ‘일하는 국회’를 만들기 위해서라는데, 선뜻 공감하기 힘든 명분이다. 야당의 불참 속에 여당 독주로 국회를 통과한 형사소송법 개정이 불러온 국가적 혼란이 지금도 진행 중이기 때문이다. 범죄 피해자와 서민들이 불안에 떨고 여당 내부와 정부 부처 사이에도 이견이 속출하는 법을 만든 게 민주당이 말하는 일하는 국회의 실상 아닌가. 민주당이 한 일에는 국민의 안위를 걱정하는 설득과 타협은 전혀 없었다.

제1 야당을 배제한 국회법 개정은 1948년 법 제정 이래 78년간 두 차례뿐이며, 민주당이 180석을 차지한 2020년 이후 이뤄졌다고 한다. 국회 운영의 룰인 국회법만큼은 합의 정신을 존중하고, 다수당도 양보하는 게 한국 의회주의의 역사이자 원칙이란 얘기다. 패스트트랙의 경우, ‘상임위 180일, 법제사법위원회 90일, 본회의 60일’(최장 330일)이라는 짧지 않은 심사 기한을 두고도 ‘신속처리법안’이라고 부른 것은 여야의 입장이 다를수록 그만큼의 숙의와 합의 과정이 필요하다고 봤기 때문이다. 새 법안은 그 기간을 90일로 줄였다. 여당 강성 의원들끼리 밀실 합의로 형사사법 체계를 뒤흔들 수 있는 지금의 집권당은 과거의 약속조차 인내할 수 없는 오만에 빠진 것이다. 결국 국민만 후폭풍을 예측하기 힘든 입법에 맞닥뜨리게 되는 위험한 상황이 반복될 수밖에 없다.

야당의 마지막 저항 수단인 필리버스터의 종결 요건을 대폭 완화하고, 여야 합의의 중재자가 될 상임위원장을 재적 위원 과반수 찬성으로 교체할 수 있게 한 것도 여당의 독주를 가속할 것이다. 과거 ‘회기 쪼개기’ ‘위장 탈당’ 등의 꼼수로 야당을 무력화시키던 것에서 한발 더 나아가 거대 여당의 독주를 합법화하는 셈이다. 숙의와 합의를 거추장스럽게 여기면 언젠가 국민의 눈 밖에 날 수 있다. 다음 총선 이후 개정 국회법이 야당의 칼이 될 수 있다는 지적을 새겨듣길 바란다.

This article was originally written in Korean and translated by a bilingual reporter with the help of generative AI tools. It was then edited by a native English-speaking editor. All AI-assisted translations are reviewed and refined by our newsroom.